Universities Decides The Future of Democracy.

1. Introduction

             Thesis Statement: Universities play a crucial role in shaping the future of democracy. They act as institutions for democratic training of students. 

        2. Overview of great leaders produced by universities:

             a) Nelson Mandela; started his career by joining student council during his studies.

             b) Benazir Bhutto; A university debater

             c) J.F. Kennedy’s thesis “Why England slept?”

3. How universities decide the future of democracy:
   
   3.1) Universities as breeding grounds of political leaders by encouraging critical thinking, and research and development:
   a) Nelson Mandela – The University of Fort Hare.
   b) Benazir Bhutto – The Oxford University
   c) Imran Khan – The Oxford University

         3.2) Student unions in a university provides a training platform for political representation and              deliberation
           a) MSF; Mian Nawaz Sharif started his political career by joining MSF in 1970.
           b) Chaudhary Nisar Ali also started his political career through MSF.

         3.3) Speech competitions and debates in universities produce the future leaders by enhancing their debating skills.
             a) Oxford union and Harvard debating society
             b) Oxford union debates produced modern day leaders such as Winston Churchill.

         3.4) Universities educate students about their rights and duties that strengthen democratic values.
             a) Columbia university department human rights institution

         3.5) Universities aware students to serve as a watchdog against authoritarianism:
             a) Tunis University students protests against Zain-El-Abiden authoritarian regime
             b) LUMS law and policy journals

          3.6) Universities act as a voters-out drives for election that decide the future of democracy.
             a) #YouthVotePakistan campaign in 2024 election of Pakistan.

          3.7) Universities promote digital democracy by social media campaigns that decides democratic       participation.
             a) Chilli; students in 2019 started digital campaign for constitutional reforms.

           3.8) Universities foster tolerance and pluralism to promote democratic values
             a) OCED Report: 20-30% of university graduates show tolerance to others.

             4) Conclusion