Pakistan Policy Shift from Geo-Politics to Geo-Economics: Prospects and Challenges Author: MadihaOutline Thesis StatementPakistan policy shift from geo-politics to geo-economics is the sequel of recent strategic intensification between the global powers. The said policy shift has prospects for the financial solvency, however it is also coupled with some serious challenges. 1. Introduction 2. National security policy : a bird’s eye view 3. Prospects for Pakistan policy shift from Geo-economics a. Focus on export- oriented foreign direct investment [FDI] to balance the exchangeoutflows with inflowsb. Equitable economic development to remove vertical disparityc. Eradication of horizontal economic inequalities among the regions of the countryd. Exclusive economic initiatives to enhance trade, investment and connectivitye. Investment and infrastructure upgradation in the energy sector to increase productionf. Creation of globally competitive workforce will help increasing job opportunities forcitizens abroad 4. Challenges for Pakistan while shifting from Geo-politics to Geo-economicsa. Non-inclusive approach as it excludes political consensusb. Rivalry between USA and china can complicate Pakistan’s process of policy shiftc. Security dilemma between Pakistan and India cannot be overshadowedd. Political chaos in Afghanistan is currently the Achilles heel of Pakistane. Policy shift if not a low hanging fruit for Pakistan as Iran is under US sanctionsf. USA-India strategic partnership is not irrelevant in case of Pakistan policy shiftg. Impaired conditions in Indian occupied Kashmir halt Pakistan’s full-fledged shift fromgeo-politics 5. Conclusion Read More Outlines

The Greatest Glory in Living Lies Not in Never Falling, but In Rising Every Time We Fall. Author: Dr. Imran KhaldiOutline 1. IntroductionHuman beings are bound to make mistakes and experience failure; however, real test is toemerge out of those adverse situations stronger and more resilient. The same premise is the secret behind the achievements of great individuals and of nations. 2. Explaining the maxim 3. Traits require standing tall in the face of hardships 4. To rise every time after falling is a lengthy and an exhaustive process; often taking toll onindividual’s mental and emotional wellbeing – A counter narrative5. Vindication of the statementa. The great individuals achieving success through courage and perseverance: – Abraham Lincoln, having faced the bloodiest war in American history,successfully dismantled the institution of slavery. – Demosthenes, despite being mocked for his Speech impairment became the greatest orator of ancient Greece. – Nelson Mandela, enduring 27 years long imprisonment, ultimately beat apartheid regime. – Stephen Hawking, remained paralyzed for 30 years, did not yield to his disabilities and earned a great glory. – Unfortunate Jack Ma, standing tall in the face of hardships, finally becomes a business magnate. b. The Great nations attaining glory through resilience and can-do attitude amidsthardships: – The USA, despite being hit by Depression, roared as the leading nation of theworld. – The war-torn countries like Germany and Japan rose victorious out of the ashesof World War II. – Nordic countries journeyed from famine hit region to the welfare state. – Singapore transformed itself from the third world to the first world country. – China also revolutionized itself from an opium nation to an economic giant. 6. Relevance of maxim in the context of current situation of Pakistan:a. Courage and dedication can rid the country of the prevailing economic crisis. b. Solution to persistent political polarization and security lapse lies in unwavering nationalvalour and can-do attitude. 7. Relevance of proverb in the context of challenges to globalized world:a. Hope and out-of-box solutions can enable the international community to meetcontemporary global predicament. 8. Conclusion Read More Outlines

Children must be Taught How to Think, Not What to Think. Author: Mariam HabibOutline 1. IntroductionPrioritizing the cultivation of critical thinking and problem solving skills is children’s education, as opposed to traditional vote learning, not only enhances their intellectual growth but also equips them with the adaptive capabilities necessary for navigating the complexities of a rapidly evolving world. 2. Limitations of Teaching Children what to Think a. Lack of creativity and problem solving skillsb. Limited application in real-world scenarios3. Why Children should be Taught how to Think a. Economic and social progress worldwideb. Increases living standardsc. Fosters creativity and problem-solving skillsd. Inculcates lifelong learninge. Enhances the application of knowledge in real world scenarios4. How can Children be Taught how to Think a. Teacher training and professional developmentb. Encourage inquiry-based learningc. Revisiting the curriculumd. Technology integration in education systeme. Integrate real-world applications in classroom learning5. Analyzing the Impact of Critical Thinking in Societies : Case Studies : Post- renaissance Europe and its Meteoric Rise 6. Conclusion Read More Outlines

The Time to Repair the Roof Is When the Sun Is Shining. Author: Khansa Malik – CSS 2022Outline 1. IntroductionThe right time to face a situation is in the present as a stitch in time saves nine. 2. The literal meaning of ‘the time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining’3. How does this statement apply to real lifea. Right moral education during childhood has the capacity to mold the mind. – Case in point: Plato’s idea of early education. b. Presence in social relationships at right times prevents aloofness. c. Good governance depends on prompt policy formulation and implementation. – Case in point: Covid-19 response by Pakistan’s government. d. Swift and apt justice system ensures law and order in a country. – Case in point: Justice delayed is justice denied. e. Population overgrowth demands preemptive decisions to control this problem. – Case in point: China’s population control policy f. Timely decisions ensure a stable and growing economy. g. The control of crimes depends on nipping the evil in its bud. h. International Relations or shaped by prompt decisions. -Case in point: Pakistan and India’s conflict on Kashmir and role of the United Nations. i. The necessity of proactive approach to deal with drastic climate change. 4. Historical analysis of diplomacy and aptness of Bismarck to justify the statement. 5. Conclusion Read More Outlines

The Threat of Global Warming and Ways to Counter it. Author: Roshaane GulOutline 1. IntroductionGlobal warming is the largest and most dangerous thread to human being and biodiversity which demands urgent action through sustainable means, alternative resource uses and combined initiative at individual – national and international levels. 2. Understanding global warming and greenhouse gases 3. Status of global warming in 20234. Causes of Global Warming: Natural and anthropogenic5. Looming Threats of Global warming a. Rise in earth average temperatureb. Melting glaciers and sea level risec. More intense and prolonged natural disastersd. Disturbing the physical and mental health of human beingse. Threat to biodiversityf. Climate migrationg. Hunger and food insecurity 6. Disproportionate Impact of global warming on a. Women and girlsb. Development Nations/Poor countries 7. Counter measures taken by the world: Earth Summit, UNFCC, IPCC, COP and Paris Agreementa. Challenges in these measures 8. Recommended measures to counter the threat of global warminga. Use of renewable energy resourceb. Initiative to reduce production of greenhouse gasesc. Initiate reforestation campaignd. Control population explosione. Invest in energy efficient appliancesf. Using artificial intelligence toolsg. Promoting climate justiceh. Key role played by big economies like the US and China 9. Conclusion Read More Outlines

Eagles Fly Against the Wind.

Islamophobia: A Challenge for Muslim Ummah Author: Adil Riaz Gondal – AC PMS|CSS-2022Outline 1. Introduction a) Hypocrisy of West regarding head crimes b) Islamophobia as a challenge 2. Islamophobia challenge for Muslim Ummaha) Portrayal of a oppressive and brutal image of Islam i. Islam as a religion of hate and terrorii. Direct linkage of islamophobia and image of Islam b) Misinterpreted Islamic notions i. Misinterpretation of the concept of Jihadii. Rising islamophobia and increase in misinterpretation c) Misconceived narrative endorsed by West i. Portrayal of Islam as the religion favoring and endorsing terrorism d) Hate crimes against Muslims i. New Zealand mosque attackii. Attack on Muslims in Hamilton Canada e) Suppression of Muslim minorities i. Human rights violations in Jammu Kashmirii. Abaya case f) Islamophobic trends affecting foreign relations i. Foreign relations of almost all Muslim countries are affected by islamophobia g) Alienating Muslim world from the Ambit of international politics i. Topsy-turvy cycle of FATFii. Labeling of Muslim countries as terrorist h) Presumed ground to intervene and kill millions of Muslims i. Intervention of Afghanistan after 9/11ii. Civilian casualties in Iraq intervention i) Rising Trends of islamophobia: – exposing disunity in Muslim ummah i. Internal dispute among Muslim countriesii. Absence of united voice against islamophobia j) Reflection of Islamophobia in daily routine as well as public policy invest i. From bulling Muslims to restricting their fundamental freedoms 3. Counter measures to combat islamophobia a) Revamping misinterpreted Islamic notions i. Misconceived and misinterpreted image of Islam to be rectified b) Combating islamophobia demand strong and united voice of Muslim Ummah i. Strong voice of Muslim leadersii. Effective role of OIC and United Nations 4. Conclusion Read More Outlines

Single National Curriculum and Socio-Economic Woes of Pakistan Author: Asim H. Qureshi – Information GroupOutline 1. Introduction The previous Pakistani regime vowed to promulgate a single curriculum nationwide. The policy faced various social, financial and other cross-sectoral hurdles. Single national curriculum needed room for Improvement and reforms. However, its effective implementation could result in amelioration of the socio-economic woes of Pakistan. 2. Single National Curriculum (SNC): Ending the educational apartheida. Eradicating the trilateral discriminatory education system prevalent in Pakistan 3. Socio-Economic woes of Pakistan: A hurdle to effective implementation of SNCa. Interprovincial, cultural references as impediment to SNCb. The 18th Constitutional amendment and center-Province riftsc. Shadow of Militant extremism, Sectarianism and terrorism on SNCd. Political Fluidity and lack of zealous leadership: an impediment to educatione. Poverty resisting effective promulgation of SNCf. Close fisted budgetary allocation and lack human and material resources for education 4. SNC as a panacea to prevalent socio-economic of Pakistana. SNC: A tool to end social intolerance and internecine rivalries.b. SNC will result in decreased unequal opportunities and competencesc. Eradication of militancy, extremism, sectarianism and terrorism: Enlightened moderationd. Provision of human rights and women empowerment: Article 25(A) of Constitution ofPakistan 5. Room for reforms in SNCa. Acknowledgement of Provincial considerations: Cultural and linguistic issuesb. Protection of minority rights: Article 22 of constitution of Pakistanc. SNC should carve out a broad-based educational agenda.d. Emphasize on research and development rather rote learning 6. Conclusion Read More Outlines

Our Higher Education: Overview, Malaise, and Grassroot Level Changes for Cure Author: Basil Farooqui – PSPOutline 1. Introduction:The higher education system in Pakistan is infected with various parasites pertaining to diverse reasons of governance, economies and technology. However, the apt grassroots level changes can cure the higher education system of its ills. 2. The faulty system of higher education in Pakistana. The pool of problems surrounding the education in Pakistan 3. A systematic overview of education systema. The primary system: The only bipartisan stageb. Matriculation system and variety of education boardsc. The Cambridge system for the elited. Stratification of the middle-class: college of diplomae. Post-graduate and graduate system of Pakistan 4. Malaise in higher education systema. Prevalence of status-quo in the systemb. Outdated educational resourcesc. Inadequate teachers trainingsd. Reluctance to modern subjectse. Lack of research-based study 5. Grass Root level change recommendationsa. Reforming the polices of educationb. Introduction of tech-based learning of early stagesc. Problem oriented learning mechanismsd. Upgradation of course curriculum: grassroots level overhaule. Introduction to research in higher levelsf. Merit based selection of teachersg. Exchange programs and seminars 6. Conclusion Read More Outlines

Future of Generation Z is Doomed. Author: Abdullah ImranOutline 1. IntroductionGeneration-Z is considered to be the leader of future and the back-bone of modern economy;however, their doomed socio-political state forecasts a stormy future ahead of them. 2. Understanding the term generation-Z3. Decaying social lifea. Schisms in plutonic relationsb. Transactional relations with friendsc. Confused/ commitment-phobic lore-life i. Dating cultureii. Casual relations and increased divorcesiii. Non- existent nucleus family concept 4. Shifting cultural valuesa. Birth of wore-cultureb. Declining moral and ethical bondsc. Rejection of local cultures, values and influence of westernizationd. Social media influencers: new age gurus and celebritiese. Connection with religion 5. Work ethics and relation with moneya. Strive for easy-moneyb. Hustle – culture (pseudo- entrepreneurial rise)c. Unstable careers and influence of gig- economyd. Decline in saving and unjust/ peer influenced spending 6. Influence and role of politics a. Polarized opinions (influenced by popular leaders)b. Lack rationality 7. Crumbing physical and mental healtha. Sedentary life- style (obesity, junk-food, lack of physical activity)b. Drugs and Addictionc. Mental health issues (depression, anxiety and PTSD)d. Body dysmorphia: leading to use of steroids or undergoing cosmetic surgeries 8. Protecting the future a. Joint efforts of parents, teachers and societyb. Awareness campaign by governments i. Addressing health concernsii. Positive attitudes in personal and professional lifeiii. Balanced approaches 9. Conclusion Read More Outlines